Math Journaling in the Classroom and Out

Math Journaling in the Classroom and Out Diary composing can be an important method to additionally create and improve your scientific reasoning and relational abilities in science. Diary sections in science give chances to people to self-survey what theyve realized. At the point when one makes a section into a math diary, it turns into a record of the experience got from the particular math exercise or critical thinking movement. The individual needs to consider what he/she did so as to convey it recorded as a hard copy; in this manner, one increases some significant understanding and input about the numerical critical thinking process. The math no longer turns into an errand whereby the individual just adheres to the means or dependable guidelines. At the point when a math diary passage is required as a follow up to the particular learning objective, one really needs to consider what was done and what was required to comprehend the particular math movement or issue. Math teachers likewise find that math journaling can be very viable. When perusing the diary sections, a choice can be made to decide whether further audit is required. At the point when an individual composes a math diary, they should think about what they have realized which turns into an incredible appraisal procedure for people and educators. In the event that math diaries are something new, you will need to utilize the accompanying systems to help the execution of this significant composing action. Technique A diary ought to be composed toward the finish of a math exercise.Journal sections ought to be in a different book, one utilized explicitly for scientific thinking.Math diaries ought to contain explicit insights concerning the zones of troubles and territories of success.The math diary passages should take close to 5-7 minutes.Math diaries should be possible with youngsters and grown-ups. More youthful youngsters will draw photos of the solid math issue they have explored.Math diaries ought not be done day by day, its progressively essential to do math diaries with new ideas in territories explicitly identified with development in numerical issue solving.Be quiet, math journaling sets aside some effort to learn. It is basic to comprehend that math journaling is a passage of the scientific reasoning procedures. Theres no set in stone perspective! Math Journal Prompts to Get You Started I realized I was correct when......If I missed____________ I would have to__________________.The thing you need to recollect with this sort of issue is........Tips I would give a companion to take care of this issue are.........I wish I knew more about......How commonly did you attempt to take care of the issue? How did you at long last unravel it?Could you have discovered the appropriate response by accomplishing something else? What?What strategy did you use to take care of this issue and why?Was this hard or simple? Why?Where else might you be able to utilize this kind of issue solving?What would occur in the event that you missed a stage? Why?What different techniques might you be able to use to fathom this problem?Write 4 stages for another person that will explain this problem.What might you want to improve next time?Were you baffled with this issue? Why or why not?What choices must be made when fathoming this problem?What do you like about math? What dont you like about math?I s math your preferred subject? Why or why not? At the point when one needs to expound on critical thinking techniques, it assists with explaining thinking. We will regularly find answers for issues when we expound on the issue. Another technique that assists with holding math ideas and bolster understanding is realizing how to take extraordinary notes in math.

Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Meeting - Essay Example In any case, her school, being all female offered a wide range of sports exercises. These included however were not constrained to swimming, b-ball, volleyball, badminton, tennis, olympic style sports, and Karate. Obviously, practically the entirety of the understudies partook in the school endorsed sports exercises. Notwithstanding, while some of them did it only for need of an action to do after classes, there were the individuals who paid attention to the games. These were the ladies who were considered â€Å"jocks† nearby and who once in a while discovered their sexuality raised doubt about because of their tirelessness and devotion to their preparation programs. During her time, the greater part of the ladies would go to the close by soft drink shops and cafés for a nibble with their companions so as to loosen up in the wake of a monotonous day of classes. This is the place the remainder of the designs for their day were typically made. As a general rule, this social gathering would proceed either at a cohorts house or at a close by shopping territory where they would take a gander at amusement magazines or see a film. During her time, my interviewees most loved action was going out to see the films. She had consistently been a devotee of Hollywood movies and seeing those movies helped her find out about the nation and culture of the nation that, obscure to her at that point, she would one day call her home. The 70s was the time of awareness for the individuals in her nation. For ladies of her age, sexual experiences were done however not spoken about straightforwardly because of a paranoid fear of social repercussion. There was a twofold standard of ethical quality existing around then for ladies. While men could straightforwardly examine having intercourse with different ladies, ladies who occupied with sex expected to do it furtively and consistently with only one accomplice or, in all likelihood she would be esteemed a lady of colossally free ethics if word at any point got out. Since my interviewees most loved movement when she was more youthful was going out to see the films, she has had the option to proceed with that action of hers right up 'til the present time. In spite of the fact that

The Process of Psetting

The Process of Psetting The imperative of an Admissions Blogger is to write about life and culture at MIT. So, since my entire life in recent memory (also known as the last four whole days) has been consumed by psets, it seems only appropriate to blog about their culture. Q: What is a pset, and how to do you spell it? A: A “pset” is short for “problem set”, and it is the most common unit of homework assigned here at MIT. Excellent, in-depth high-caliber pset profiles can be found here  and  here, but while all of these reputable sources agree on the definition of a pset, there is high variance regarding the proper exact spelling of the word. Are they psets, Psets, PSets, p-sets, P-sets, or P-Sets? pSETS? pSeTs? PSETS? PESTS? (yes, according to my smartphone’s autocorrect. It’s not wrong.) Just like literally every other contested grammatical nuance, the world will probably never agree. However, for the purposes of this blog and my future ones, I will follow what appears to be a consensus of bloggers before me and adhere to (and advocate for universal acceptance of) the “pset” standard, unless I am particularly emotional, in which case I will resort to “PSET” or “[redacted] PSET”. Q: How will you capitalize the word at the beginning of sentences? A: I don’t know. I’ll probably just take great care to avoid that scenario, even if it looks aesthetically awkward to reorganize my sentence around it. Sometimes the best solution is to just dodge the problem, although I wouldn’t recommend this strategy on exams. Anyways, let’s move on. Contrary to popular prefrosh belief, not every class at MIT assigns psets. Many classes occupy our time in other ways, whether essays, reports, projects, or presentations. Classes that assign psets are generally technical subjects that lend themselves well to asking specific questions that have singular, objective answers, such as Physics, Math, Biology, or Chemistry courses, with many more and many exceptions. Last fall, 3 of my 4 classes assigned psets. This semester, only 8.02 (Physics II) and 18.06 (Linear Algebra) do, while all my other classes have projects or online design labs. Even between subjects, psets vary greatly in format, length, and difficulty. For 8.01 and 8.02, weekly psets are posted online on the MITx platform, which is MIT’s online learning environment, built on edX. Many classes use MITx to post course content, like lecture videos, gradebooks, and syllabi (syllabuses? syllabose? syllabeese?), and several use it for online homework as well. Heres a snippet from my most recent 8.02 pset. MITx also includes an incredibly useful answer checking function on my Physics psets, each problem lets you enter solutions for true/false feedback. It’ll never give you the answer itself, and you still have to hand in a written copy showing your work, but at least you can know when you’ve solved it. Other classes (like 7.012 Biology) just post a PDF of questions online that we submit blind, without knowing whether they’re even right! Those psets are scary. Q: Doesn’t that facilitate trial-by-error or guess-and-check? Can’t you just plug in all the permutations of the variables and get the answer by luck? A: Sometimes! But not usually. Length also varies wildly from pset to pset, although this is primarily a function of the difficulty of the class. Since I have limited experience in anything except introductory classes, I took a quick lap around my floor and surveyed everyone awake about their psetting habits. Unsurprisingly, upperclassmen tend to spend significantly longer working on any given pset than freshmen do: Natalie ‘18 estimated a balmy four hours per pset, while Jenn ‘16 gave me a depressing “fifteen”, accompanied by a forlorn, empty stare. From my highly scientific and rigorous sample pool of 16, people tend to average 6.4 hours per pset across all grades, with an incredibly high standard deviation. For those of you interested in real data, there is a fascinating Tech survey available here that asks similar questions, but whose results are actually credible. Speaking of credibility, you can tell a lot about an MIT student from the state of their psets. A hastily penciled, tattered sheet of 70-cent notebook paper with scattered eraser burns and coffee spills is a relic of a recent caffeinated, panic-stricken deadline, but neatly redrawn solutions with boxed answers and legible subscripts is the mark of marginally smarter time management. Personally, I do my work with a digital stylus on my Surface tablet, which lets me erase and rearrange at organizational will. Then I just print out a paper copy to hand in while the file is saved forever in the cloud, to haunt me far into my academic future. Now, you may think that drafting homework problem sets on a $1000 tablet with a Wacom digitizer just so that I can both save a PDF to my digital Dropbox and print a hard copy for the other dropbox is going a bit overboard, even with the broad technological acceptability license afforded to MIT students. You may think that it couldn’t get any nerdier. And you are wrong. The true overachievers the hardcore perfectionists that really care about attention to detail or even the occasional underachiever in desperate need of a credibility boost use LaTeX. LaTeX (pronounced with a ‘k’, not an ‘x’) is a document markup language that converts ugly mathematics text with asterisks, caret symbols, unintelligible division slashes, and the generally atrocious plain-text formatting into beautifully typeset equations, perfectly spaced and centered in a clean, professional-looking pset worthy of a picture frame. LaTeX makes everything more believable: if you need to do a proof and you need to really prove it, LaTeX it. Otherwise it’s only half proven. Q: Is this entire question a self-referencial ploy to transition to talking about collaboration in psets? A: Yes. In fact, one of the most prominent identifiable facets of MIT’s culture is collaboration. Homework is typically thought of as an individual torture to be carried out in solitary confinement, but here, nothing could be further from the truth. Nearly all of the syllabi (I love that word now) emphasize that discussion and collaboration with other students is encouraged, provided that we each turn in our own work. This means that psetting is often a social event each semester starts with a flurry of organization that produces informal pset groups and study sessions. Every Sunday I work on 6.01 with my fraternity brothers at Zeta Psi, and on Monday nights are the weekly procrastination performances by the 8.02 crew of Conner 3, typically followed by an encore of a movie in the floor lounge. Thursday nights on my floor feature a 10pm “study break”, catered with various desserts, snacks, and various incarnations of the caffeine molecule. Group pset parties not only make the homework easier, but also build camaraderie, staying up late into the night working together to defeat enemies we all despise equally, like Maxwell’s Equations or Gaussian Elimination. Q: Do you mean to say that psetting is fun? A: No. But sometimes, if you can manage to share your misery with enough friends at the same time, you can learn as much from the teamwork as you can from the lecture notes.

Family Tree of Harry Potter Author, JK Rowling

Joanne (J.K.) Rowling was born in Chipping Sodbury near Bristol, England, on 31 July 1965. This is also the birthday of her famous wizard character Harry Potter. She attended school in Gloucestershire until the age of 9 when her family moved to Chepstow, South Wales. From an early age, J.K. Rowling aspired to be a writer. She studied at the University of Exeter before moving to London to work for Amnesty International. While in London, J.K. Rowling began her first novel. Her long road to the publication of the first Harry Potter book, however, was shadowed by the loss of her mother in 1990 and over a year of rejections by various agents and publishers. J. K. Rowling has since written seven books in the Harry Potter series and was named the greatest living British writer by The Book Magazine in June 2006 and Person of the Year in 2007. Her books have sold hundreds of millions of copies around the world. J.K. Rowling Joanne (J.K.) Rowling was born on 31 July 1965 in Yate, Gloucestershire, England. She first married television journalist Jorge Arantes in Portugal on 16 October 1992. The couple had one child, Jessica Rowling Arantes, born in 1993 and the couple divorced a few months later. J.K. Rowling later married again, to Dr. Neil Murray (b. 30 June 1971) on 26 December 2001 in their home in Perthshire, Scotland. The couple has had two children: David Gordon Rowling Murray, born in Edinburgh, Scotland on 23 March 2003 and Mackenzie Jean Rowling Murray, born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 23 January 2005. J.K. Rowling's Parents Peter John Rowling was born in 1945. Anne Volant was born on 6 Feb 1945 in Luton, Bedfordshire, England. She died from complications of multiple sclerosis on 30 Dec 1990. Peter James Rowling married Anne Volant on 14 Mar 1965 in All Saints Parish Church, London, England. The couple had the following children: Joanne (J.K.) Rowling.Dianne (Di) Rowling, who was born on 28 Jun 1967 in Yate, Gloucestershire, England. Rowling's Grandparents Ernest Arthur Rowling was born on 9 July 1916 in Walthamstow, Essex, England and died about 1980 in Newport, Wales. Kathleen Ada Bulgen was born on 12 January 1923 in Enfield, Middlesex, England and died on 1 Mar 1972. Ernest Rowling and Kathleen Ada Bulgen were married on 25 Dec 1943 in Enfield, Middlesex, England. The couple had the following children: Jeffrey Ernest Rowling, born on 2 Oct 1943 in Enfield, Middlesex, England and died of bladder cancer on 20 Jul 1998 in Juno Beach, Palm Becah County, Florida.Peter John Rowling. Stanley George Volant was born on 23 June 1909 in St. Marylebone, London, England. Louisa Caroline Watts (Freda) Smith was born on 6 May 1916 in Islington, Middlesex, England. According to a 2005 article Plot twist shows Rowling is true Scot in the London Times, based on research by genealogist Anthony Adolph, Louisa Caroline Watts Smith is thought to have been the daughter of Dr. Dugald Campbell, who is said to have had an affair with a young bookkeeper named Mary Smith. According to the article, Mary Smith disappeared soon after giving birth, and the girl was raised by the Watts family who owned the nursing home where the girl was born. She was called Freda and told only that her father was a Dr. Campbell. The birth certificate for Louisa Caroline Watts Smith lists no father and identifies the mother only as Mary Smith, bookkeeper of 42 Belleville Rd. The birth took place at 6 Fairmead Road, which is confirmed in the London Directory of 1915 to be the residence of Mrs. Louisa Watts, midwife. Mrs. Louisa C. Watts later appears as a witness to Fredas marriage to Stanley Volant in 1938. Louisa Caroline Watts (Freda) Smith died about April 1997 in Hendon, Middlesex, England. Stanley George Volant and Louisa Caroline Watts (Freda) Smith were married on 12 March 1938 in All Saints Church, London, England. The couple had the following children: Anne Volant.Marian Volant.

The Basic Supposition Of The Symbolic Interactionist

The basic supposition of the Symbolic Interactionist (S.I.) paradigm is that human interaction is based upon and the interplay of three elements, self, society and social interaction. These elements form a triangle of interwoven social connections. The basic association is as follows: society shapes self, self then shapes social interaction and interaction shapes society. The interaction is complex enough to also allow for nearly every possible combination between those three elements in that the Self is both affected by and can affect Society and so on. In these articles the authors examine how the presentation of shared meaning (of their masculinity) both shape their sense of self and how they expect others to treat them within their society within their every-day interactions. Any type of social interaction would depend on the exchange of shared meanings and shared social expectations. As Hewitt suggests, â€Å"Human conduct depends upon the creation and maintenance of meaning.â €  (1994: 21). He continues to explain that â€Å"Society and culture shape and constrain conduct, but they are also products of conduct† (1994: 23). This would suggest that without a shared understanding of what is possible by both participants and expected within society there can be no communication of meaning within the interaction. One s Gender-Identity and Sexual Orientation is then as an aspect of the Self and becomes a common set of shared social meanings expressed and interpreted within socialShow MoreRelatedSociological Perspectives On Race And Ethnicity1442 Words   |  6 PagesIssues of race and ethnicity can be seen through three noteworthy sociological viewpoints: functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Every point of view offers its own particular key to comprehension, and nobody viewpoint is accepted completely adequate all alone; rather, every one gives a vital method for seeing part of the social procedure. Together they give capable knowledge and various methodologies for comprehension social marvels. Functionalism is the most particularlyRead MoreBenefits of American Education2214 Words   |  9 Pagesbecause they provide useful explanations: structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Sociological Paradigm Level of Analysis Focus Structural Functionalism Macro or mid They way that each section of society really functions together to donate to the entire Conflict Theory Macro How dissimilarities subsidize to social alterations and continue alterations in power Symbolic Interactionism Micro Face to face or sometimes just one on one interactions and infrastructures Read MoreRole Theories, But More Precisely Gender Role Theory4654 Words   |  19 Pageswith recommendations on how individuals should behave. Banton defines a role as â€Å"the expected behavior associated with a social position† (Banton) At least five perceptions may be differentiated in current work within the field: functional, symbolic interactionist, structural, organizational, and cognitive role theory. A good deal of role research exhibits, practical concerns and derived concepts, and research on four such concepts is reviewed: consensus, conformity, role conflict, and role taking.Read MoreRole Theories, But More Precisely Gender Role Theory4652 Words   |  19 Pageswith recommendations on how individuals should behave. Banton defines a role as â€Å"the expected behavior associated with a social position† (Banton) At least five perceptions may be differentiated in current work within the field: functional, symbolic interactionist, structural, organizational, and cognitive role theory. A good deal of role research exhibits practical concerns and derived concepts, and research on four such concepts is reviewed: consensus, conformity, role conflict, and role taking. RecentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesBounty Hunters 89 Case Incident 1 Long Hours, Hundreds of E-Mails, and No Sleep: Does This Sound Like a Satisfying Job? 90 Case Incident 2 Crafting a Better Job 91 4 Emotions and Moods 97 What Are Emotions and Moods? 98 The Basic Emotions 100 †¢ The Basic Moods: Positive and Negative Affect 100 †¢ The Function of Emotions 102 †¢ Sources of Emotions and Moods 103 Emotional Labor 108 Affective Events Theory 110 Emotional Intelligence 112 The Case for EI 113 †¢ The Case Against EI 114 †¢ Emotion

Hindi as a Language Free Essays

The constitution of India (Article 343) recognises Hindi as the official language of India. Hindi is also the main language in many states of India such as Haryana, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaranchal/ Uttarakhand, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Chhatisgarh and Himachal Pradesh. It is spoken by more than 437 million people in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Hindi as a Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now The other dialects of Hindi are Brajbhasha, Bundeli, Awadhi, Marwari, Maithili, Bhojpuri, to name only a few. Hindi can be traced back to as early as the seventh or eighth century. The dialect that has been chosen as the official language is Khariboli in the Devnagari script. Other dialects of Hindi are Brajbhasa, Bundeli, Awadhi, Marwari, Maithili and Bhojpuri. It was in the 10th century that authentic Hindi poetry took its form and since then it has been constantly modified. History of Hindi literature as a whole can be divided into four stages: Adikal (the Early Period), Bhaktikal (the Devotional Period), Ritikal (the Scholastic Period) and Adhunikkal (the Modern Period). Adikal- Adikal starts from the middle of the 10th century to the beginning of the 14th century. The poetry of this period has been divided into three categories Apabhramsha Poetry, Heroic Poetry and Miscellaneous Poetry. Apabhramsha Poetry includes the Siddha literature (750-1200), the Nath literature and the Jain literature. Siddha literature was written in the popular language and this echoed devotional themes combined with a strong erotic feeling. Between the 7th and the 14th century, the poet Gorakhnath and his followers mainly composed the Nath literature. They avoided eroticism, scorned racial discrimination and put stress on moral values, using the Doha (couplet) and the Chaupai (quartet) styles in their poems. These compositions had a great influence on the Sant (devotional literature made popular by Rahim and Kabir et al) literature. During this period Jain poets like Swayambhu, Som Datt Suri, Sharang Dhar and Nalla Singh composed the Charit Kavyas, which propagate moral tenets and portrayals of Nature. Heroic Poetry was composed wholly in the native speech. Bhakti Kal or the Devotional Period : The bhakti kal stretched between the 14th and the 17th century. During this age Islamic customs were heaped upon the common people and the Hindus were quite dejected by this. The poets of this period felt that it was their moral duty to arouse a sense of devotion through religious poetry. These poets have been divided into two groups: Nirguna and Saguna poets, depending upon the devotional attitude towards the Lord. Nirgunas have been further divided into two groups on the basis of different sadhanas (disciplines) followed by them. Those that put emphasis on the importance of knowledge for the realization of God were called the Saint poets. Kabir Das, Guru Nanak, Dharma Das, Maluk Das, Dadudayal, Sunder Das belong to this genre. In their Sakhis (couplets) and Padas (songs) they condemned rituals and laid emphasis on the theory of Monotheism (the belief that there is one God). Poets who believed love was the path of realizing God were called Sufi Poets. Jayasi, Manjhan, Kutuban and Usman were the pioneers of this school. Poets of the Saguna style are also divided into two groups: the followers of Rama and those of Krishna. Tulsi Das is the leading poet of the former group along with Agra Das, Nabha Das and Pran Chand Chauhan. Tulsi Das depicts Rama as the Ideal Man in his classical works Ramacharitamanasa, Gitavali, Kavitavali and Vinay Patrika. The devotees of Krishna have, however, portrayed him according to his popular image, that of the playful Krishna. These poets like Surdas, Nand Das, Parmananda Das and Meera have written about love and beauty. The devotional period created immortal literature and is distinguished as the golden age of Hindi Poetry. Ritikal or the Scholastic period: The poets of Ritikal can be classified into two groups on the basis of their subject: Ritibaddha (those wedded to rhetorics) and Ritimukta (free from rhetorical conventions). The former poets composed on definitional and (Lakshana) and illustrative (Lakshya) themes. The essential nature of Rasa, Alankara, Nayikabheda were illustrated by them through Saviyas and Kavithas. Poets like Chintamani, Keshav, Mati Ram, Deva, Kulpati Misra and Bhikari Das were leaders of this style. The second group consists of free-minded poets like Alam, Ghananand, Bodha and Thakur. They wrote in a spontaneous manner ith feelings of love, quite quite dissilimar to rhetorical poetry. This age saw two more poetic trends. Didactic poetry in stray verses composed by Vrinda, Vaital and Giridhar and Heroic Poetry by Bhushan, Sudan, Lal and various others. Adhunikkal or Modern Period: Modern Hindi literature has been divided into four phases; the age of Bharatendu or the Renaissance (1868-1893), Dwivedi Yug (1893- 1918), Chhayavada Yug (1918-1937) and the Contemporary Period (1937 onwards). Bharatendu Harishchandra (1849-1882) brought in a modern outlook in Hindi literature and is thus called the ‘Father of Modern Hindi Literature’. Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi later took up this vision. Dwivedi was a reformist by nature and he brought in a refined style of writing in Hindi poetry, which later acquired a deeper moral tone. This was the age of revival when the glory and grandeur of ancient Indian culture was fully adopted to enrich modern life. Social, political and economic problems were portrayed in poetry while songs were of social awakening. This trend helped in the emergence of National Cultural Poetry whose leading poets were Makhanlal Chaturvedi, Balkrishna Shama ‘Navin’, Siyaram Gupta and ‘Dinkar’. These poets put more stress on moral aspect of life rather than on love or beauty, which later evolved in the Chhayavada style of poetry. Kamayani is the zenith of this school and Chhayavada was best represented by Prasad, Nirala, Pant and Mahadevi Verma. After the decline of this movement in came the leftist ideology which found voice in two opposite styles of Hindi poetry. One was Progressivism and Prayogavada or later called Nai Kavita. The former was an effort of translating Marx’s philosophy of Social realism into art. The most notable figure of this movement was Sumitranandan Pant. The latter safeguarded artistic freedom and brought in new poetic content and talent to reflect modern insight. The pioneers of this trend were Aggeya, Girija Kumar, Mathur and Dharamvir Bharati. A third style called Personal Lyrics also appeared, aiming at free and spontaneous human expressions with Harivansh Rai Bachchan as the leader of this trend. The history of Hindi poetry, thus, extends over a period of almost one thousand years. The proper development of Hindi prose followed the rise and growth of Khari Boli (colloquial dialect). Pre-Bharatendu writers like Ram Prasad Niranjani, Sadasukh Lal, Insha Allah Khan and Sadal Misra composed proses mainly based on mythological stories. Insha Allah Khan used the typical Khari Boli while others were more influenced by Sanskrit and Braj Bhasha. The development of Hindi prose has been classified into three periods: The first phase (1868-1918), the period of growth (1918-1937) and the present age of excellence (1938 onwards). The First Phase: Prose literature of Bharatendu and Dwivedi era covers the first phase. The writers of this age developed drama, novel, short story, essay and literary criticism. Popular dramatic compositions were done mainly by Bharatendu Harishchandra, Bal Krishna Bhatt and Radha Krishna Das. They inclined more towards satires on contemporary conditions, social and patriotic plays. Eminent prosateurs of this age included Devaki Nandan Khatri (novelist), Chandradhar Sharma (short-story writer), Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi (essayist) and Padma Singh Sharma (critic). The period of growth This is represented by Jayshankar Prasad, Rai Krishna Das and Mahadevi Varma. Drama acquired a distinct place for itself in this period but the theatre did not respond to it. Again, fiction attained new proportions with Premchand as its most outstanding representative. The period of excellence This period came more whole-heartedly after the Independence of India in 1947. Hindi drama of this period laid emphasis on realistic expressions and two new forms evolved like poetic Drama and radio play. Now the theatre also became interested in enacting these plays. ‘Ashka’ Jagdish Chandra Mathur, Mohan Rakesh and Lakshminarayan Lal have acquired distinction amongst modern playwrights. Fiction made a wonderful progress during this period. Realism, psycho-analytical techniques and prose-style was the main ingredient of the plot structure. Modern Hindi fiction found its mentors in Yash Pal, Agyeya and Renu. Essay and literary criticism also developed during this period. Essayists like Hazari Prasad Dwivedi, Mahadevi Varma and Siyaram Sharan Gupta found new ways of expressing themselves through reminiscences, reportage and sketch. The history of Hindi prose is not expansive, as it had started out quite late. However, it has progressed at a rapid pace. How to cite Hindi as a Language, Papers

Student Attendance Monitoring System free essay sample

NUNS recommends completing a PhD in six Semesters (3 years) for full-time candidates. Ethical issues have been considered and approval for the research has been given by the NUNS Ethics Committee; the topic matches your interests and capabilities. What is the difference between a Masters and a Doctorate thesis proposal? Your post graduate coordinator and your supervisor are best placed to give detailed clarification of your schools expectations. While differences are likely to be in the length and complexity of the research, the main difference is that a Ph. D. Must contain something new.Your goal The thesis proposal helps you focus your research aims, clarify its importance and the need, describe the methods, predict problems and outcomes, and plan alternatives and interventions. Who is my audience? The proposal will be presented as a written report and is usually presented in a seminar as well. It can be presented to a Postgraduate Committee or to staff more directly involved in your candidature, such as your supervisor, co- supervisor and your scoff s postgraduate coordinator. Getting it done Preparing your proposal will be an iterative process. You will discuss a umber of drafts with your supervisors. You should be writing regularly to have your proposal completed by the due date. This can vary from the first 3-9 months of your candidature. Originality Your work will make a worthwhile contribution to the field if it fulfils one or more of the following: it provides evidence to support or disprove a concept, theory, or model; it contributes new data/information, a new improved solution, analysis procedure or research methodology; it results in a new or improved concept, theory or model. How should I structure the proposal?The following sections are recommended for your thesis proposal report. Check with your supervisors for optional sections, variations and additional sections that may be required. Routine Information This can be a full cover page or a quarter page header. Name Address, telephone and email details Degree for which you are a candidate Supervisors and co-supervisors names Thesis proposal title Date Statement of Topic Introduce the reader to the recognized general subject area and how your topic is related. Briefly point out why it is a significant topic ND what contribution your work will make.Aims of the thesis/dissertation Set out specific objectives of the research. Review of the literature This, together with the following section on the theoretical orientation, will be the main substance of the proposal and will lay the basis for your discussions of your methods and your total research program. The literature review should explain the relation of your topic and research aims to significant literature and recent (and current) research in your field. The form of the literature review may vary according to the nature of the field: experimental, helicopter, theoretical, comparative, etc. But its purpose will be the same in all fields. The literature review should place your proposed research topic clearly in its relevant research context, and should demonstrate your awareness of significant similar or relevant research. You may need to make qualitative judgments concerning the literature. Be careful not to allow the evaluation of previous work to become a large open- ended task. You should consult with your supervisors on the types of questions you need to be asking and what boundaries you should place on your literature review. In one sense the literature review for the proposal is incomplete.You will continue to expand and update the literature as your research progresses and as you locate new publications. The final literature review will be included in your thesis. Ask Yourself . Which pieces of research seem to have been most successful, the most promising and which less so? What are the major lines of criticism that can be leveled at previous work? What major omissions, gaps or neglected emphases can be identified? Theoretical Orientation Your aim here is to state your basic ideas on the topic. First, state the various theoretical approaches taken in your topic.Which one do you propose to use in your research and why? Where, tentatively do you stand on the topic? If there are various theories on your topic or in your field, which one(s) will you use in your conceptual framework for your thesis? Which terms or trends do you wish to follow up from the literature review? Do you have any fresh suggestions of an explanatory, interpretative, or programmatic kind? Think it Through Perhaps the best way to approach this section is to set down your main insights, hypotheses, hunches, or even hopes about your topic.In view of past theory and research, and your emerging issues, what are the areas tattoo expect to have findings? For empirical theses you may need to formulate explicit hypotheses. Methodology Describe your proposed methods in sufficient detail so that the reader is clear about the following: What kind of information will you be using? From what sources will the information be obtained? What resources will you require? What methodology will you be using? Why have you selected this approach? What ethical and safety issues have you identified and how do you propose to proceed?Research program timetable: milestones This will usually be from the date you began your degree to when you expect to submit the completed thesis/ dissertation. For Psychology, a time-line up to the end of your second Semester is the minimum requirement. The time-line can be formatted as a table or a list. Include when you will start and finish important aspects of your research, such as: literature research, required training or attending courses, stages of experiments or investigations, beginning and completing chapters, reviews and seminars you will give, and completing the thesis.Tentative thesis chapter outline You should check with your supervisor if this is a required section of the thesis proposal. Present the chapter outline as a draft contents page with brief annotations of expected content or stages. Follow the standard sections relevant to your type of research. Look at past theses in your area and discuss your ideas with your supervisor. References List all publications cited in your proposal. Use the style recommended by the school or your supervisor. This may be a standard style the whole school follows or it may be the style of the leading journal in your field.

A Biography of Notorious Auschwitz Doctor Josef Mengele

A Biography of Notorious Auschwitz Doctor Josef Mengele Josef Mengele (March 16, 1911 - February 7, 1979) was a Nazi SS doctor who experimented on twins, dwarves, and others at the Auschwitz Concentration Camp during the Holocaust. Although Mengele looked kind and handsome, his heinous, pseudoscientific medical experiments, often performed on young children, has placed Mengele as one of the most villainous and notorious Nazis. At the end of World War II, Mengele escaped capture and is believed to have died in Brazil 34 years later. Early Life Born March 16, 1911, in Gà ¼nzburg, GermanyParents were Karl (1881-1959) and Walburga (d. 1946), MengeleTwo younger brothers: Karl (1912-1949) and Alois (1914-1974)Nickname was Beppo1926 diagnosed with osteomyelitis Education and Beginning of WWII 1930 graduated from the GymnasiumMarch 1931 joined the Steel Helmuts (Stahlhelm)January 1934 SA absorbed StahlhelmOctober 1934 left SA because of kidney trouble1935 awarded Ph.D. from the University of MunichJanuary 1, 1937, appointed a research assistant at the Third Reich Institute for Heredity, Biology, and Racial Purity at the University of Frankfurt; worked with Professor Otmar Freiherr von VershuerMay 1937 joined the NSDAP (member #5574974)May 1938 admitted to the SSJuly 1938 awarded medical degree by University of FrankfurtOctober 1938 began basic training with the Wehrmacht (lasted three months)July 1939 married Irene SchoenbeinJune 1940 joined the medical corps (Sanittsinspektion) of the Waffen SSAugust 1940 appointed an Untersturmfà ¼hrerAttached to Genealogical Section of the Race and Resettlement Office in occupied PolandJune 1941, sent to Ukraine as part of the Waffen SS; received the Iron Cross, Second ClassJanuary 1942 joined the Waffen SSs Viking Division medical cor ps; earned the Iron Cross, First Class by pulling two soldiers out of a burning tank while under enemy fire; also awarded the Black Badge for the Wounded and the Medal for the Care of the German People; wounded End of 1942 reposted to the Race and Resettlement Office, this time in its headquarters in Berlinappointed to Haupsturmfà ¼hrer (captain) Auschwitz May 30, 1943, arrived at AuschwitzConducted medical experiments on  twins, dwarfs, giants, and many othersSeemingly constant presence and participation in the selections at the rampResponsible for selections in the womens campcalled Angele of DeathMarch 11, 1944, his son, Rolf, was bornSometime middle of January 1945, he fled Auschwitz On the Run Arrived at Gross-Rosen camp; then left before Russians liberated it on February 11, 1945Spotted at MauthausenCaptured as a prisoner of war and held in a POW camp near MunichReceived papers from fellow prisoner, Dr. Fritz Ulmann; for vanity reasons had not gotten blood type tattooed beneath arm, American Army did not realize he was a member of the SS and released himAliases include: Fritz Ullmann, Fritz Hollmann, Helmut Gregor, G. Helmuth, Jose Mengele, Ludwig Gregor, Wolfgang GerhardRemained on George Fischers farm for three years1949 escaped to Argentina1954 his father came to visit him1954 divorced from Irene1956 had his name officially changed to Josef Mengele1958 married his brother, Karls, widow - Martha MengeleJune 7, 1959, West Germany issued its first arrest warrant for Mengele1959 moved to Paraguay1964 the Universities of Frankfurt and Munich withdrew his academic degreesAssumed that his remains were buried in Embu, Brazil in a grave marked Wolfgang GerhardBelieved to have d ied on February 7, 1979, on the beach at Bertioga in Embu, Brazil while suffering a stroke while swimming in the ocean. February 1985 a public trial, in absentia, was held at Yad VashemIn June 1985, the body in the grave was exhumed for forensic identification.

The Role of Technology in Organization Development

The Role of Technology in Organization Development Summary The article focuses on the connection that exists between the technologies and the development of a company. There are three main issues used by the authors: organizational development (OD) as a data The case of PepsiCo helps to observe how a huge consumer-products company strives for some changes and uses technologies to enhance the change within a short period of time. The prior state of the company is successful indeed as the company takes the leading position on the global market; still, the need of some training programs and HR-related processes that can promote a further development of the company is obvious. This is why PepsiCo should develop a platform on the basis of which OD surveys, career planning tools, and management processes can be integrated (Church et al. 2002). The MyDevelopNet website has been developed to drive the required culture change process. It helps the employees and managers share their experience, define their goals, and realize what they actuall y expect from the work at this company. Of course, some workers face the challenges based on the lack of experience with new technologies, still, in general, the results help to improve the current state of affairs and implement the required change. The offered technology serves as a powerful tool to show that PepsiCo remains to be a powerful world-class company that respects the choice of people and tries to do everything possible to promote its workers’ development and create new ideas to attract more people and retain its managers’ talent. Debates Taking into consideration the need of a constant change within a company, a number of ethical questions and doubts may take place. The debates around the following issue should encourage people to think about a true worth of a current technological process: whether it is actually fair to pay more attention to the role of technology in organization development at the expense of the maturity of the company’s workers a nd managers. In other words, it is necessary to analyze the situation when an experienced employee is cut off a number of opportunities due to lack of practice with the current technologies. When the time to choose between practical knowledge and technology comes, what turns out to be more important? OD through technologies and its importance Organizations should think about the possible ways of improvement on a regularly basis to promote consumers with the necessary services in regards with their demands and expectations and help employees create appropriate working conditions. Technologies cannot be neglected even if changes may lead to some problems, as their solutions make each member of a team stronger and ready for new adjustments.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Role of Technology in Organization Development specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Sometimes changes are not necessary. Workers should focus on imp roving their skills and providing qualified services. There is no need to follow the current technological progress as human experience and knowledge are priceless. People recognize technologies as something crucial and indispensible People cannot imagine their lives without a number of technologies. They depend on the Internet and cell phones. OD is impossible if people fail to define technologies essential for their lives. People should learn how to use them to be ready to find practical application of their theoretical knowledge. It is so wrong for people to depend on some technological things they create. People have to be independent so that the absence of the Internet or electricity or inability to charge the mobile phone may not influence a working process and the results of work. People have to realize that their abilities should not depend on the level of knowledge about different technologies. They should pay more attention to the development of practical skills. Involveme nt of ordinary workers in OD through technologies OD is a data-driven process that leads for some changes. Workers as no one else know what is necessary for a successful application of various interventions and what interventions are actually needed. Each worker should have a chance to share his/her own idea and prove its necessity. And workers should know how to use technologies and be ready to introduce their own concepts. Workers should not waste their time on promoting OD as they have much work to do. There are people, who develop changes in organizations. Still, it is wrong to use workers, ask learn technologies better, and distract from the tasks they have to perform. The role of technologies is crucial for OD, still, these technologies should never be imposed. Reference List Church, AH, Gilbert, M, Oliver, DH, Paquet, K, Surface, C 2002, ‘The role of technology in organization development and change’, Developing Human Resources, vol. 4, no.4, pp. 493-511.

The Use of Storytelling in Videogames Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The Use of Storytelling in Videogames - Essay Example This is not possible in the traditional storytelling methods and even theatricals. Video games allow the player to make a choice on the direction that the story will take. The freedom to make a choice makes the player feel a part of the happenings in the story. The player has the ability to make decisions that impact on the story. Video games enable players to role play and this makes the player to adopt a set of characters for the choice made. Story telling through the use of video games offers more latitude to the player because a single game can have multiple endings. The player has an active role not just as a mere viewer. The games that are player driven games tell a story in a dramatic way such the player feels the impact of the decisions taken in real time as the game continues. The outcome of the video game may depend on the performance of the player and the options taken in the scenarios that present themselves in the game. Therefore, the video games tell a story in a dynami c and interactive way instead of the traditional media that tell stories in a static way. The synthesis between the story and game play is important if a video game is to have an impact on its target audience. The user interface of the game has to be compelling and the game should not have any technical bugs that affect it during play. The storyline has to be well thought out such that even if there can be multiple outcomes of the game, coherence and flow is still maintained. Videogames allow for the developer to include a back story. This significantly helps to expand upon the main story and put all the characters in context. For instance, if a given character in a war game is full of vengeance, the background story can be given to elaborate on the reasons for this. Back story also helps to add special scenes to the story that highlight traits of character that may not be shown in the game. Different game modes allow the player to choose the specific settings that suit their prefer ence when playing the game. The result of this is that the games tells a story that is customized to a given player hence it becomes more captivating and interesting than in the traditional media. Video games engage the player to actively take part in activities that unfold in the story. The feeling of involvement makes the story more engrossing to the player; a feat that cannot be attained through the use of traditional media. The use of video games in story telling has gained widespread adoption especially among school going children and youths. This is because the characters in the video games are easy to identify with. On top of that, the challenge involved in crafting their story as they play the video game is a significant motivator. In as much as both video games and films share the same characteristics in terms of story line and visual style, video games have an added advantage by enabling interactivity. Videogames may also tell a story through cut scenes. This is whereby th e game pauses and plays a saved clip to explain the next plot before play advances. The player has to put aside the controls and watch the clip before advancing to the next level. However, with advances in technology, most games of recent times have embraced the concept of empowering the player to write the story. This further cements the position that the future direction in video games is more inclined towards player driven games. The actual control of the games may not necessarily be real but what

Kentucky Fried Chicken Business Expansion Marketing Plan Case Study - 3

Kentucky Fried Chicken Business Expansion Marketing Plan - Case Study Example The research design will be based on a random sample and small community that has a KFC located nearby. The qualitative and quantitative research will define the overall trends on a global level, they will focus on a survey sample to identify why KFC is experiencing changes within the franchise. The benefit of this will provide KFC with a new marketing approach that will help to expand their services as a leading fast food restaurant. KFC, also known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, first opened its doors in 1930, beginning at the Great Depression. The first restaurant opened in Corbin, Kentucky, and was then known as Sanders Court and Cafà ©, named after the founder, Harland Sanders. By 1936, Sanders was named a Colonel for the cuisine and was able to expand his restaurant to include more recipes and a higher amount of traffic. By 1940, the original recipe, which is one of the secret ingredients of the chicken was introduced, which instantly led to the widespread popularity of the restaurant and the kitchen. In 1955, Sanders began to sell his recipe to other restaurants to pay off debts, which led to the opening of KFC in 1957. By 1960, KFC became a franchise and grew into a national commodity with some of the best-known chicken, which quickly grew into restaurants in Canada and in Europe. By 1982, KFC became a subsidiary of R.J. Reynolds Industries and was able to be a part of fast food chains known internationally, such as Taco Bell. The popularity of KFC continued to grow with several newer recipes, including â€Å"finger-lick in' good† chicken recipes and new options for low fat and healthy options for the different menu items (KFC, 2010). The changes in KFC and the building of this brand have allowed the corporation to become one of the most popular alternatives for those that enjoy chicken. This particular brand stands apart from others because of the ability to offer chicken as the main menu item.

Analysing Dasein According To Heidegger Philosophy Essay

Analysing Dasein According To Heidegger Philosophy Essay Martin Heidegger was a student of Husserl and even dedicated his book Being and Time to him. However, he ended up going against a lot of Husserls ideas. Where Husserls phenomenology is a phenomenology of description of objects and how they present themselves to us, Heideggers is a phenomenology of understanding and interpretation. As he says in Being and Time (1973: 25), Heideggers phenomenology is not pure, again going against his teacher, as Husserl strove for a pure phenomenological attitude he incorporates existential ontology into his phenomenology, which means being historically situated in the world. Husserl wilfully chose to leave history unexamined because of the implications it would have had on his science historical context would have made it impure. Heideggers phenomenology is almost hermeneutical (understanding and interpreting our historically lived situation through texts), so much so he applies this hermeneutical approach to human beings. Heidegger wants to move away from subject (that which remains unchanging) and consciousness and look at Being and his concept of Dasein. This essay will examine Heideggers concept of Dasein as a movement away from Husserls concept of consciousness of objects and subjectivity. It will begin by explaining what Dasein is and is not. Looking at it as ontologically situated in the world as having an understanding of the meaning of Being. It will then move on to looking at Dasein as the entity of all entities and seeking for the meaning of Being. This will lead onto the concept of the they-self and everydayness and how Dasein is situated in these which will inevitably move onto anxiety as a means of getting from the they to the my. This will link into the authentic and inauthentic self authentic being one-self and inauthentic being the they-self. Dasein literally means Being-there (Polt, 1999:29). It is not consciousness and it is not a person. It is not simply existence or a thing in the world. It is a verb to exist. Dasein is no-thing. It is the essential structure of a human being the way of Being of a human being. It is not static in the world, but active towards the world (towards the world coming back to Husserls idea of objects giving themselves towards the world). Dasein exists understandingly having the understanding of the meaning of Being ontologically always historically mediated. Dasein is ontological insofar as it understands the meaning of Being it only has an opaque and vague understanding of Being but it has some. (Heidegger, 1973: 31). Dasein is the condition of possibility of the world so it can be considered transcendental. However, at its simplest Dasein is just Being in the world. Heidegger refers to Beings as entities entities are anything that has existence (Polt, 1999: 2). He mentions that ). Entities are ontical they are out there in the world. Dasein is the entity that is distinct from all other entities in that it is out there and it exists towards the world. It is the entity of all entities. As Heidegger says in Being and Time (1973: 32), Entities present themselves towards the world simply as they are in their being. Heidegger is interested in the meaning of Being. Things are but Being is nowhere you cannot point to Being or Dasein like you can point to an object. Dasein is no-thing. We need to witness the no-thing of our Being we need to look for the meaning of our Being or at least have an understanding of it. Human existence Dasein is being interrogated. The Being of our being is been asked about. To get to the meaning of Being, we must first go through the human being and the Dasein. To do this, Heidegger talks about seeking (ibid: 24). When we look for something we must have an idea of what we are looking for we cannot look for something we have no experience of. Dasein is primordially temporal in three ways 1. Existence: Daseins potentiality for Being projects Being on various possibilities. 2. Thrownness: Represents Daseins structure phenomenon of the past that represents past as having been historically. It could be argued that we are forced to be who we are because of our past we 3. Falleness: Being alongside Daseins place among other Daseins made possible by those present and being in the world. It is the result of being thrown into the world from the past (ibid: 76). As Polt (1999:76) says, . The human needs to be taken away from this simple subjectivity and looked at in the broader sense I am as they. This is where the concept of Das-Man or the they-self comes into play. Dasein has an aspect to itself as a they-self. The opinions that are out there. What other people tell us about ourselves determines us. In the they-self, the Dasein is comfortable; it seeks refuge in the they-self. There is a tranquilising familiarity of the they -self. In the they-self we feel at home but philosophy is not about feeling at home. We are on the run from our meaning of Being we are on the run from ourselves. The they-self defines who we are so we can never really get out of it fully. The they-self is everydayness. Dasein has to retrieve itself from the Das-Man in order to truly be itself. To do this, Heidegger says we must undergo anxiety. Heidegger asks how do we get form the they to the my? Husserl suspends the empirical or natural attitude for the phenomenological. It is a wilful suspension. For Heidegger, suspension is affective and comes in the form of anxiety. He also wants to suspend the natural attitude for the phenomenological, but for him, he calls the natural attitude, the everyday. I am affected by anxiety. When I am anxious Im brought back to my proper Dasein. Anxiety is how we get from the they to the my. Heidegger says that we should let anxiety overcome us in order to get back to my-self or one-self. However, one-self is a task for Dasein, as Dasein is an entity concerned by its own being and is comforted by the they-self. We are anxious about our being in the world our Being is determined by the fact that sometime we will not be in the world. My Being towards death is an indeterminable determinacy there is something indeterminate about death, but it determines me. In this anxiousness we emancipate ou rselves from the they-self. Letting anxiety overwhelm us, is the only way to get to our authentic self. Heidegger says that we are merely actors in our daily lives and that we have to get back to who we really are. This is where authenticity and inauthenticity comes into practice. Dasein encompasses both the authentic and inauthentic. There is a Dasein of the they and a Dasein of the my. Authenticity is who I am it can be argued that we are trying to get back to our authentic selves. For the most part we are inauthentic and improper we live through the they-self in everydayness. In the they-self the authentic self is dormant. However, we can never fully leave one or get into the other. Heidegger (in Keane, N., 1927: 65) says, Silence, according to Heidegger is how we get back to our-self our authentic self. Not saying anything at all, says more than idle-talk. As he says in Being and Time (1973: 213), Being as Dasein is Being toward the world. Being toward the world means concern. ). Heidegger says in Being and Time (1973: 237), that at its most basic level, Being-in-the-world is care. As such, Dasein is fundamentally care. Dasein is always out ahead of itself it is born into a world that already has meaning. Caring implies things that matter to us so we do care about our Being (Polt, 1999: 79). Dasein is human existence. It is the way of Being for human beings. At its most basic it is Being-in-the-world humans existence in the world. It is the entity of all entities so it can be argued that it is the way of Being over all other ways of Being of human beings. Dasein lives through the world in the everyday sense of the they-self. We are what other people perceive us to be. We can only truly be our authentic self by undergoing anxiety and letting it overwhelm us. Dasein can be understood as the essence of human existence having lived through its historically lived situation. It is a part of a fundamental ontology. Dasein is active towards the world as having a history by living through the world. It has to try find (seeking) its authentic self or owness through anxiety. Dasein is basically Being-there Being-in-the-world.

Tatyana Tolstaya’s White Walls: Summary

White walls. In having white walls, there is always room tort improvement. You are never stuck with one look because you can always simply change it. Tolstoy is very optimistic in that she feels that with the end of Communism and the Soviet Houses 3 Union, there is great room for improvement. I believe that she is correct in this assessment because Russia today is not as big of super power as the United States, but it is certainly on its way to be there soon. Another big symbol in this piece, I believe, is Johnson + Johnson.Tolstoy never clarifies entirely what Johnson + Johnson is, but it seems to be a big company. This could be a new company that was formed after the collapse of the Soviet Union. We learned about how when the USSR dissolved the government and the economy took a huge hit. I believe this is an example of a company that is on the rise. This can definitely be viewed as a symbol due to the fact that it is not only a business, but the name Johnson + Johnson makes it seem as if it is a family run operation.The sentence after Tolstoy mentions Johnson + Johnson, she says, â€Å"From broad, there were quick-acting cleaners and spot removers-aerosols to erase memory, acids to eliminate the past. † This is another example of how she wants the past to be erased. Although Johnson + Johnson is only mentioned a few times in this short story I believe it is a crucial symbol. The business industry is on the rise in Russia. The final symbol I chose was Mikhail Avouching Jason. M. A . Jason was the builder of the dacha that Tolstoy and her family lived in when they were kids.He is constantly mentioned throughout this piece. Tolstoy alas about how she always found some of his old stuff in the attic and how she was always very intrigued by what she would find. The way they describe Jason, makes it seem that he was a very nice and kind man. The main message that I get from reading this is that Russia is a rebuilding country. All the examples in the story of tearing down old things to replace them with new Houses 4 items shows this message. If it weren't for Jason then Tolstoy would never have lived in this house and she wouldn't have found all of the old items left behind by IM.She talks about how Jason essentially dispersed without any remembrance of him. Tolstoy says that, â€Å"Jason dispersed, disintegrated, vanished into the earth. † This shows how over time things become lost. She then talks about how his plaque saying his name had been stolen by an admirer of nonferrous metals. Many people have come and gone but the country has remained alive. As new generations evolve the country has to adapt to their specific needs. Again this is why I believe Tolstoy is trying to tell us that Russia is a rebuilding country.All three symbols mentioned played crucial parts of this story. Different people could interpret them in many different ways, but this is how I see them. They all show different parts of Totality's childhood and how she grew up. All of these symbols also have historical references in them. Again it depends on how you view and interpret them. Someone could think it meaner one thing when another person could thinks it meaner the complete opposite. She never makes a comment specifically about Communism in this piece.She mentions Lenin and Stalin a few times but does not give you her impression of them. An author for The New York Review of Books says about â€Å"White Walls†, that â€Å"Totality's favorite theme is an inexhaustible one: the passage of time, often accompanied by a potent regret for opportunities lost. † This is extremely relevant because the whole story is about the passage of time and how things change. All in all the main message is that Russia is a rebuilding country that is on its way to becoming more of a super power than it is today.

Manipulation in Blade Runner and Maus Essay

This paper discusses the issue of manipulation in Ridley Scott’s, Blade Runner, and Art Spiegelman’s, Maus – volume I and II. When used as a form of authoritative control, manipulation lends itself to the dehumanization of the characters within these texts; consequently enslaving them to an inescapable and fascist framework of control. Manipulation is an artful management used for the purposes of deception and control. The shrewd and devious exertion of manipulation, as a tool of tyranny, gives those who propagate it the ability to engineer the movements of the masses. Within the texts, Blade Runner, and Maus- volume I and II, the characters are manipulated to glorify the â€Å"genetically pure†. When Deckert administers the â€Å"Void-Comp† test to Rachel he is presenting her with a scenario to test her purity. Deckert proposes to Rachel â€Å"It’s your birthday†¦someone gives you a calf-skin wallet† to which Rachel replies, â€Å"I wouldn’t accept it†¦also, I’d report the person who gave it to me to the police† (Blade Runner 22:38). Even as a replicant, Rachel has been influenced to idealize the â€Å"genetically pure†, like all of the other characters have in Blade Runner. The police force also manipulates Deckert to believe that he must retire the replicants. When Deckert says, â€Å"I’ve got no choice, huh?† Tucker responds, â€Å"No choice at all, pal† (Blade Runner 13:31). Perhaps when force and punishment support and sustain manipulation this type of persuasion is inevitable. In Art Spiegelman’s, Maus – volume I and II, manipulation is more overtly used as a method of authoritative control by the Nazi regime. On page 54 in Maus II, a German solider begins talking to Vladek as they are marching. Vladek even describes him as having â€Å"a little heart†. Before long the guard yells for Vladek to â€Å"shut up† and Vladek becomes â€Å"afraid anymore to speak†. The guard has his own ideals, but has been so influenced by Nazi rule that he is afraid to defy the beliefs that have been pressed upon him. Simply by initiating the conversation, the soldier inadvertently demonstrates that he doesn’t fully accept what Hitler has influenced him to think of the Jews. His actions are derived from an appeal to ignorance. Within the texts, this type of manipulation ultimately lends itself to the dehumanization of those who are believed to be â€Å"genetically impure†. In Blade Runner, the replicants are reduced to animals and as long as Deckert continues to see them as an inferior or subhuman force, his effort to eradicate them is not done in vain. In seeing the replicants as animals Deckert can kill them without actually murdering them. After all, â€Å"this is not execution; it’s retirement† (Blade Runner 3:10). In this sense, Deckert and the replicants are engaged in a perpetual struggle of being predator or being prey. Batty exemplifies this struggle when he howls like a wolf while in pursuit of Deckert (Blade Runner 1:38:04). When Priss says, â€Å"but we’re stupid and we’ll die† in response to Batty’s plans of paradigmatic change, it becomes obvious that the way the replicants are treated has changed the way in which they view themselves. The repl icants have been reduced to animals. Similarly, in Maus, the Nazis see the Jews not as humans but as animals. Spiegelman draws the Jews as mice in his graphic novel to conceptualize this fact. Vladek describes how the Jews were transported in cattle cars. â€Å"It was such a train for horses, for cows. They pushed until there was no room left. We lay one on top of the other, like matches, like herrings† (Spiegelman 2:54). This treatment was a form of manipulation attempting to change the way in which the Jews viewed themselves. The Nazis didn’t treat the Jews as human and so they were influenced by this treatment to believe that they were non-human. Vladek describes how the German soldiers saw the Jews. â€Å"We were below their dignity. We were not even men† (Spiegelman 2:54). The dehumanization of the Jews helped the Nazis to justify their actions. The need for the soldiers to separate themselves from the brutality shows their true beliefs. If they truly objectified the Jews, they would not have had to detach themselves from them in order to carry out Hitler’s visions. It was Hitler’s visions that influenced the soldiers to carry out their actions. Hitler’s visions had been manipulated into becoming their own. Eventually this type of manipulation has the ability to disseminate through society, successfully propagating misinformation as truth. It is evident, in both of the texts, that the characters become enslaved to an oppressive system built by manipulation. The characters are unable to free themselves from oppression because they have been surrounded by a fascist framework of authoritative control. In Blade Runner, when Rachel declares â€Å"I’m not in the business I am the business† she has come to the realization that she is a slave to the system. Rachel goes from living with Tyrell to knowing she’s a replicant, and having no other choice but to take on her designated role (Blade Runner 1:04:09). When Rachel asks Deckert â€Å"Would you come after me?† and Deckert responds â€Å"No†¦ but somebody would† the characters realize the authoritative nature of a world, fostered by manipulation and controlled by surveillance (Blade Runner 1:06:02). In the final scene of Blade Runner, Batty affirms this notion: â€Å"It’s quite an experience to live in fear†¦that’s what it is to be a slave† (Blade Runner 1:45:12). In Maus, the dehumanization of his father has enslaved Artie to Vladek’s past. When Artie thinks of his parent’s history he is doomed to envision a pile of dead Jews under his desk (Spiegelman 2:41). Artie is unable to escape the terror of Auschwitz. This becomes clear on page 47 of Maus II, when Artie puts on the mask of a mouse. Artie signifies himself as the â€Å"child of a survivor† and, despite the fact that he has never been there, Auschwitz will manipulate the way in which Artie lives forever. Artie has absorbed his father’s past to such an extent that he has begun to lose some of himself and adopt some of his father. Artie bleeds history, as the title of Spiegelman’s book suggests. Ridley Scott’s, Blade Runner, and Art Spiegelman’s, Maus – volume I and II, cooperate to reveal the effects of manipulation when it is used to formulate authoritative control. The propagation of misinformation dehumanizes the characters within these texts, making them slaves to a system that is created by manipulation and sustained by surveillance. Works Cited Blade Runner (Director’s Cut). Dir. Ridley Scott. Perf. Harrison Ford, Rutger Hauer, Sean Young and Daryl Hannah. Warner Studios, 1982. Spiegelman, Art. Maus – A Survivor’s Tale. 2 vols. New York: Pantheon Books, 1986.

Mount Vesuvius According to Pliny

Mt. Vesuvius is an Italian volcano that erupted on August 24, 79 CE*, blanketing the towns and 1000s of residents of Pompeii, Stabiae, and Herculaneum. Pompeii was buried 10 deep, while Herculaneum was buried under 75 of ash. This volcanic eruption is the first to be described in detail. The letter-writing Pliny the Younger was stationed about 18 mi. away, in Misenum, from which vantage point he could see the eruption and feel the preceding earthquakes. His uncle, the naturalist Pliny the Elder, was in charge of area warships, but he turned his fleet to rescuing residents and died. Historical Importance In addition to Pliny recording the sights and sounds of the first volcano to be described in detail, the volcanic covering of Pompeii and Herculaneum provided an amazing opportunity for future historians: The ash preserved and protected a vibrant city against the elements until future archaeologists unearthed this snapshot in time. Eruptions Mt. Vesuvius had erupted before and continued to erupt about once a century until about 1037 CE, at which point the volcano grew quiet for about 600 years. During this time, the area grew, and when the volcano erupted in 1631, it killed approximately 4000 people. During the rebuilding efforts, the ancient ruins of Pompeii were discovered on March 23, 1748. Todays population around Mt. Vesuvius is about 3 million, which is potentially catastrophic in the area of such a dangerous Plinian volcano. A Pine Tree in the Sky Prior to the eruption, there were earthquakes, including a substantial one in 62 CE** that Pompeii was still recovering from in 79. There was another earthquake in 64, while Nero was performing in Naples. Earthquakes were seen as facts of life. However, in 79 springs and wells dried up, and in August, the earth cracked, the sea became turbulent, and the animals showed signs that something was coming. When the eruption of the 24th of August began, it looked like a pine tree in the sky, according to Pliny, spewing noxious fumes, ash, smoke, mud, stones, and flames. Plinian Eruption Named after the naturalist Pliny, the type of eruption of Mt. Vesuvius is referred to as Plinian. In such an eruption a column of various materials (called tephra) is ejected into the atmosphere, creating what looks like a mushroom cloud (or, perhaps, pine tree). Mt. Vesuvius column is projected to have reached about 66,000 in height. Ash and pumice spread by the winds rained for about 18 hours. Buildings started to collapse and people began to escape. Then came high-temperature, high-velocity gasses and dust, and more seismic activity. *In Pompeii Myth-Buster, Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadril argues that the event occurred in the fall. Translating Plinys Letter adjusts the date to September 2, to coincide with later calendar changes. This article also explains the dating to 79 CE, the first year of Titus reign, a year not referred to in the relevant letter. ** In Pompeii Myth-Buster, Professor Andrew Wallace-Hadril argues that the event occurred in 63. Sources Martini, Kirk. Volcanic Phenomena at Pompeii. University of Virginia, July 10, 1997.Pompeii. Minnesota State University Emuseum.Vesuvius, Italy. University of North Dakota.The 79 AD Eruption of Vesuvius.